IN THE REALM OF MIND. 323 



Among the lower animals, young ones, taker 

 from the litter or the nest, and brought up undei 

 conditions wholly removed from the teaching of 

 their parents, whether by imitation or otherwise, 

 will reproduce exactly all those habits of their race 

 which belong to their natural modes of life. Many 

 of these habits, perhaps it may be safely said all 

 of them, imply Ideas — that is to say, they imply 

 instincts ; and instincts are in the nature of ideas 

 — that is to say, they belong to the phenomena 

 of Mind. And of this there is another indication 

 in a fact which at first sight may seem trivial or 

 irrelevant. It has been often said that one great 

 difficulty in reasoning on this subject, is the inac- 

 cessibility to observation of the mental condition 

 of all infant creatures. But even if this were more 

 true than it really is, there are some creatures, not 

 low in the scale of creation, of which it may be said 

 that, comparatively, they have no infancy at all. 

 These are the Gallinaceous Birds in general, and 

 some Species in particular. They come forth from 

 the egg perfect miniatures of their parents, and 

 with minds as fully equipped with parental in- 

 stincts as their bodies are provided with feathers 



