332 THE REIGN OF LAW 



to other motives, these few attractions exert a 

 determining effect upon their Will. 



Accordingly we may see that, in proportion as 

 there is an approach among the lower animals to 

 the higher faculties of Mind, there is, in correspond- 

 ing proportion, a difficulty in predicting their con- 

 duct. Perhaps the best illustration of this is a 

 very homely one — it is the effect of baits and traps. 

 Some animals can be trapped and caught with per- 

 fect certainty ; whilst there are others upon which 

 the motive presented by a bait is counteracted 

 by the stronger motive of caution against danger, 

 when a higher degree of intelligence enables 

 the animal to detect its presence. Yet the Will 

 of the cunning animal is not more free than the 

 Will of the stupid animal, — nor is the Will of 

 the stupid animal more subject to Law than the 

 Will of the cunning one. The Will of the young 

 Rat, which yields to the temptation of a bait, and 

 is caught, is not more subject to Law than the 

 Will of the old Rat, who suspects stratagem, re- 

 sists the temptation and escapes. They are both 

 subject to Law in precisely the same sense and in 

 precisely the same degree — that is to say, their 



