LAW IN POLITICS. 383 



which were to be moved, Watt was labouring 

 at the new Power which was to move them. 

 But meanwhile before the Steam Engine had 

 been made available, the Factory system had 

 begun under the old motive -power of Water ; 

 and here it is very curious to observe how each 

 stage in the progress of discovery had, by way 

 of natural consequence, its own special effect on 

 the conduct and the Wills of men. Very soon 

 the course of every mountain stream in Lanca- 

 shire and Yorkshire, was marked by Factories. 

 This again had another consequence. It was a 

 necessity of the case that such Factories must 

 generally be situated at a distance from pre-exist- 

 ing populations, and, therefore, from a full supply 

 of labour. Consequently they had to create com- 

 munities for themselves. From this necessity, 

 again, it arose that the earlier mills were worked 

 under a system of Apprenticeship. The due 

 attendance of the requisite number of " hands " 

 was secured by engagements which bound the 

 labourer to his work for a definite period. 



And now for the first time appeared some 

 of the consequences of gregarious labour under 



