CHAP. XXXVIII.] WASHINGTON, TREE TRADE. 325 



nor are any coloured people allowed to be burled at 

 the Laurel Hill Cemetery. That burial-ground com 

 mands a beautiful view up and down the Schuylkill, 

 and the ground there is laid out with much taste, 

 being covered with evergreens and trees, and having 

 many of the graves adorned, at this season, with vio 

 lets and lilies of the valley. 



April^. Leaving my wife with some friends 

 at Philadelphia, I set out on a geological tour to 

 Richmond, Virginia, to resume my examination of 

 the Oolitic coal-field, left half finished in December 

 last. At Washington I found they were holding a 

 national fair, or grand exhibition of manufactured 

 articles, intended to convince Congress of the advan 

 tage of a high tariff. The protectionists maintain 

 that every article which, for seven years, has been 

 shielded from foreign competition, has been reduced 

 in price to the consumer below the foreign cost at the 

 time when the duty was imposed. The free-traders, 

 on the other hand, argue, that their antagonists 

 keep out of sight the fact that in those same seven 

 years the price of the foreign articles might, and 

 probably would, have fallen as much. One party 

 points to the former policy of Great Britain towards 

 her American colonies ; how she interdicted them 

 from manufacturing for themselves, and even from 

 selling the productions of their own soil and indus 

 try to any but the mother country ; how she grew 

 rich by monopoly and restrictions, nursing her in 

 fant agriculture, commerce, and factories, by prohi 

 bitive duties; and they ask whether, if the English 

 cabinet really believed in the theory of free-trade, 



