PREFACE. Vll 



lieron, Uhlmann, Desor, and lastly, the one recently 

 made by MM. Christy and Lartet in the bone-caves of 

 the Dordogne. 



Sometimes alone, and sometimes in company with 

 Messrs. Prestwich and Evans, I have made numerous 

 visits to the valley of the Somme, and have examined 

 almost every gravel pit and section from Amiens down 

 to the sea. In 1861, ^ith Mr. Busk, and again in 

 1863, I went to Denmark, in order to have the ad- 

 vantage of seeing the Kjokkenmoddings themselves. 

 Under the guidance of Professor Steenstrup I visited 

 several of the most celebrated shell-mounds, particu- 

 larly those at Havelse, Bilidt, Meilgaard, and Fanne- 

 rup. I also made myself familiar with so much of the 

 Danish language as was necessary to enable me to read 

 the various reports drawn up by the Kjokkenmodding 

 committee, consisting of Professors Steenstrup, Wor- 

 saae, and Forchhammer. Last year I went to the 

 north of Scotland, to examine some similar shell- 

 mounds discovered by Dr. Gordon, of Birnie, on the 

 shores of the Moray Firth, which appear, however, to 

 belong to a much later period than those of Denmark. 



In 1862 M. Morlot very kindly devoted himself to 

 me for nearly a month, during which time we not only 

 visited the principal museums of Switzerland, but also 



