FISH. BIRDS. MAMMALS. 181 



seen, therefore, that the number of bones is very great. 

 Indeed,, from .the mound at Havelse alone the Committee ob- 

 tained in one summer.3500 bones of mammals, and, more than 

 200 of birds, , besides many hundred of fishes^ which latter, 

 indeed,, are almost innumerable. The most common species 

 are 



Clupea harengus, L. (the herring) 



Gad us callarius, L. (the dorse) 

 Pleuronectes limanda, L. (the dab) and 

 Murcena anguilla, L. (the eel). 



The remains of birds are highly interesting and instruc- 

 tive. The domestic fowl (Gallus domesticus) is entirely 

 absent. The two domestic swallows of Denmark (Hirundo 

 rustica and H. urbica), . the sparrow and the stork are also 

 missing. On the= other- hand, fine specimens of the caper- 

 cailzie (Tetrao urogallus) which feeds principally on the buds 

 of the pine, show that, as we knew already from the remains 

 found in the peat, the countryivas at one time covered with 

 pine forests. Aquatic birds, however^ are the most frequent, 

 especially several species of ducks and geese. The wild swan 

 (Cygnus musicus) which only visits Denmark in winter, is 

 also frequently found ; but, perhaps, the most interesting of 

 the birds whose remains have been identified is the Great 

 Auk (Alca impennis, L.), a species which is now almost 

 extinct. 



Of mammalia by far the most common are 



The stag (Cervus elaphus, E-.), 



The roedeer (Cervus capreolus, L.) and 



The wild boar (Sus scrofa, E.) 



Indeed, Professor Steenstrup estimates that these three species 

 form ninety-seven per cent, of the whole ; the others are 



The urus (Bos urus, L.,) 

 The dog 



