192 THE OPINIONS OF STEENSTRUP AND WORSAAE. 



mounds in which they are reported to have been found, and, 

 at any rate, that their presence is altogether exceptional. At 

 Meilgaard, for instance, the researches undertaken under the 

 superintendence of the late king in June, 1861, produced more 

 than five hundred flint flakes and other rude implements, but 

 not a single specimen with a trace of polishing, or in any 

 way resembling the flint implements found in the tumuli. 

 On the other hand. these rude implements are said to be 

 wanting in the tumuli, where they are replaced by instru- 

 ments of a different character and more skilful workmanship. 

 Moreover, while it is admitted on all hands that the shell- 

 mound makers had no domestic animal but the dog, and no 

 knowledge of agriculture, Prof. Worsaae considers that 

 during the later Stone age, the inhabitants of Denmark cer- 

 tainly possessed tame cattle and horses, and had in all pro- 

 bability some knowledge of agriculture. 



Prof. Steenstrup is of an entirely different opinion, and 

 considers that the Kjokkenmoddings and Stone age tumuli 

 were contemporaneous. He denies altogether that remains of 

 tame oxen or horses have been found in tumuli of the Stone 

 age, except in very few instances, and in these he maintains 

 that the fragments which have occurred are evidently not 

 coeval with the mounds themselves, and that in all probability 

 they have been introduced by foxes. He admits that the 

 stone implements from the shell-mounds and coastfinds are 

 altogether different 'from, and much ruder than, those from 

 the tumuli; he considers the two classes as representing, 

 not two different degrees, but two different phases of one 

 single condition of civilisation. The tumuli are the burial 

 places of chiefs, the Kjokkenmoddings are the refuse 

 heaps of fishermen. The first contain all that skill could 

 contrive, affection offer, or wealth command ; the second 

 only those things which art could not make available, 

 which were thrown away as useless, or accidentally lost. 



