BIBLIOGRAPHY. 199 



fortifications, enclosures, temples and mounds, and of the 

 different implements, ornaments, etc., which have been ob- 

 tained from them. It is embellished with forty-eight plates, 

 and no less than two hundred and seven woodcuts. 



In his second work, Mr. Squier confines himself to the 

 antiquities of the State of New York. Within these limits, 

 however, he describes many ancient monuments of various 

 kinds, and he feels "warranted in estimating the number 

 which originally existed in the State at from two hundred 

 to two hundred and fifty." He comes to the conclusion, 

 "little anticipated," he says, "when I started on my trip of 

 exploration, that the earthworks of Western New York were 

 erected by the Iroquois, or their western neighbours, and do 

 not possess an antiquity going very far back of the discovery." 

 (sic.) 



The systematic exploration of the ancient remains in Wis- 

 consin, of which the memoir by Mr. Lapham is the result, 

 was undertaken by him on behalf of the American Anti- 

 quarian Society, by which the necessary funds were provided. 

 The cost of the publishing, however, which from the great 

 number of engravings (fifty-five plates, besides sixty-one 

 wood engravings) was considerable, was defrayed by the 

 Smithsonian Institution, and the work is include^ in the 

 seventh volume of "Contributions." 



Mr. Haven's work is well described in the title, and forms 

 an interesting introduction to the study of North American 

 Archaeology. He gives us comparatively few observations or 

 opinions of his own ; but after a careful examination of what 

 others have written, he comes to the conclusion that the 

 ancient earthworks of the United States "differ less in kind 

 than in degree from other remains concerning which history 

 has not been entirely silent. They are more numerous, more 

 concentrated, and in some particulars on a larger scale of 

 labour, than the works which approach them on their several 



