144 Permian Fossils and 



found in the Magnesian Limestone, and they are. 

 generically and specifically, few in number, but, as a 

 whole, their affinities and grouping are decidedly 

 Palaeozoic. Some of the genera of plants have a Coal- 

 measure aspect, including Catamites, Lepidodendron, 

 Neuropteris, Sphenopteris, and Alethopteris, besides 

 Walchia, Ullmannia, Cardicocarpon, and fragments 

 of silicified coniferous wood. Only 9 genera and 21 

 species of Brachiopoda are found in these strata, viz. 

 Camarophoria 3, Crania 2, Distina 1, Lingula 2, 

 Producta 2, Spirifera 3, Spiriferina 2, Strophalosia 

 4, and Terebratula 2. These partly belong to genera 

 which also occur in the Carboniferous rocks. The same 

 strata contain 16 genera and 31 species of Lamelli- 

 branchiate molluscs, the most common of which are of 

 the genera Schizodus, Gervillia, Solemya, &c. ; 26 

 species of Gasteropoda, 2 Nautili, and many ganoid 

 fishes, the most common belonging to the very cha- 

 racteristic genus Palceornscus, of which there are 6 

 species (fig. 31, p. 148). All the Permian fish have hete- 

 rocercal tails, like the majority of the Palaeozoic genera, 

 in which the vertebral column is prolonged into the upper 

 lobe of the tail, whereas in most of the modern fishes the 

 vertebral column is not prolonged into either lobe. 

 The reptilian remains, both of the red rocks and of 

 the Magnesian Limestone, are partly Amphibian, as 

 shown by the Labyrinthodont Dasyceps Bucklandi of 

 Kenilworth, the footprints in the red Permian sand- 

 stones of the Vale of Eden, and Corncockle Moor, in 

 Dumfriesshire, and Lepidotosaurus Duffii of the lower 

 part of the Magnesian Limestone ; while others from 

 the marl slate, Proterosaurus Speneri and P. Huxleyi, 

 were true land Lacertilian reptiles. 



Excepting the Magnesian Limestone, all the Per- 



