Grampian Mountains. 287 



gneissic rocks (4) that underlie ^he Fig> 55 

 Old Red Sandstone. 



Again, if we examine the map of 

 Scotland, we find a broad band of Old 

 Red Sandstone running from Stone- 

 haven on the east coast to Dumbarton ^ 

 on the west, and there also masses of 



PH ' / V* 



conglomerate lie at the base, as in .* j j |^ ^ 

 No. 2, fig. 56. Overlooking this broad g 

 band, the Grampian mountains No. 1 g 

 rise high into the air, still reminding 1 

 the beholder of the ancient line of 

 coast of a vast inland lake, against 

 which the waves of the Old Red Sand- 

 stone waters beat, and from its partial 

 waste, aided by glaciers and the work 

 of coast-ice, formed the boulder-beds 

 that now make part of the con- 

 glomerates. We are thus justified in 

 coming to the conclusion that the 

 North Highlands generally formed W 

 land before the time of the Old Red 3 

 Sandstone, the Grampian mountains, o 

 even then separated from the Scandin- ^ b 



avian chain, as a special range forming 

 a long line running from north-east to ^yj 



south-west, the bases of its hills being 

 washed by the waters which deposited * 

 the Old Red Sandstone itself. | 



What amount of denudation the fl xTO 

 gneissic mountains of the Highlands '& 

 underwent, before and during the g 

 deposition of the Old Red Sandstone, ^ 

 it is impossible to determine, but it 



