392 Glacial Epoch. 



often marked with glacial scratchings. Above this 

 Boulder-clay there are beds of gravel with fragments of 

 marine shells, and the embedded stones only show the 

 ghosts of scratchings, as if they had been nearly 

 obliterated by trituration. Above this gravel, Boulder- 

 clay again occurs in a little hollow, in which there are 

 deposits of fine clay and shell-marl, with Paludinas, &c. 

 The relics of such old pools are common on the surfaces 

 of irregular deposition of the boulder-clays all the way 

 from Northumberland to the Humber, and doubtless far 

 beyond. 



On the coast, from one to two miles north of Brid- 

 lington, lying on chalk, there are beds of Till interstrati- 

 fied with beds of sand and gravel, parts of the Boulder- 

 clay among the Till being much contorted. In one case 

 they were seen to lie in an old valley of erosion in the 

 Chalk, the lowest strata consisting of stratified brecciated 

 chalk gravel, overlaid by sand, on which there rested 

 chalky sand and gravel, which in its turn is overlaid 

 by Till with irregular minor inter stratifications of sand ; 

 and in another case, about three miles north of Bridling- 

 ton, fragments of sea-shells occur in the gravel about 

 1 50 feet above the sea. Near Bramston, in Holderness, 

 a few miles south of Bridlington, on the shore, there 

 are large boulders of gneiss, basalt, diorite, &c. 



Immediately north of Hornsea, about twelve miles 

 south of Bridlington, the Till, which partly forms a sea- 

 cliff fifty or sixty feet high, is very irregularly bedded, 

 and contains numerous scratched stones of flint and 

 chalk, Carboniferous Limestone (more scarce), Silurian 

 grit, granite, gneiss, &c. The quantity of stones of 

 chalk is quite a new and remarkable feature in the 

 section, for north of Flamborough Head, in the Oolitic 

 country, I found none. The Till, which forms the base 



