472 Caldy Cave. 



bone. How late they survived in Europe no written 

 history tells, though the unwritten history of flint 

 weapons in caverns shows that Palaeolithic man hunted 

 the great beast ; while in Asia, as all readers know, 

 his whole body has more than once in summer dropped 

 out of the frozen mud cliffs of the great Siberian rivers, 

 a region in which he, perhaps, survived very much later 

 than in Europe. We may be permitted to regret that 

 ' the red lady of Paviland ' was exhumed 44 years ago, 

 long before the art of ' Cave Hunting ' ranked as a 

 branch of palseontological science in which an early 

 history of man is involved. 



On the west side of Caermarthen Bay lies Caldy 

 Island, about a mile from the Pembrokeshire shore, near 

 Tenby. About forty years ago a cave was discovered 

 there in the northern sea-cliff, which was quarried for 

 limestone, and which I visited with Dr. Buckland 

 in 1841, when the last relics of the cavern were disap- 

 pearing under the operations of the quarrymen. Bones 

 and teeth of Mammoths, Ehinoceroses, Hysenas, Lions, 

 and other Mammalia common in such caves occurred in 

 abundance, and I well remember the glee with which 

 Dr. Buckland on his knees gathered the bony harvest 

 into a large silk bandana, while surreptitiously I sketched 

 him in the act. Other caves have since been explored 

 in Caldy, and on the mainland of Pembrokeshire, with 

 like results. 



I specially mention the caves in Caldy, because they 

 help to prove the long lapse of time that has taken 

 place since so many great mammals lived on ground, 

 part of which is now only an island one mile in length. 

 It must indeed have taken a great number of years 

 for atmospheric influences and sea waves to have worn 

 a channel a mile in width so as to separate the island 



