480 Brixham Cave. 



Capreolus capreolus (Groat), Felis leo (var. spelcea, 

 Lion), Hyaena spelcea, Ursus spelceus^ Ursus ferox 

 (Grizzly Bear), Ursus arctos (Brown Bear), Canis 

 vulpes (Fox), Lepus timidus (Hare), Lepus cuniculus 

 (Rabbit), Lagomys spelceus (Hare-rat of Siberia), 

 Arvicola amphibius (Water-rat), and Sorex vulgaris 

 (Shrew-mouse). 



Of these the small mammalia of living species were 

 found near the surface, and were no doubt of com- 

 paratively recent introduction. Of the remainder a few 

 were discovered in the stalagmite, No. 2, but by far the 

 greater number in the cave-earth, No. 5, while a small 

 number also occurred in the shingle, No. 6. As in some 

 other cases, previously mentioned, the cave was some- 

 times a Hysena den, for the bones bear the marks of 

 their teeth, and at a period a little later, ' the great 

 number of very young, or even foetal bones, afford the 

 strongest possible evidence that the Bear actually in- 

 habited the cavern.' With regard to the traces of man, 

 ' not a single human bone has been found in Brixham 

 Cave ; but thirty-six rude flint implements and chips, 

 referable to man's workmanship, were met with in dif- 

 ferent parts of the cave ; of these sixteen were found in 

 the shingle, No. 6 ... In fourteen instances their infra- 

 position to bones of the Mammoth, Ehinoceros, Hyaena, 

 Tiger, (? Lion), Bear, Reindeer, Red Deer, Horse, 

 and Ox, is perfectly well proved, as many as 120 of such 

 bones having been discovered higher in the cave-earth ' 

 than the place where these flints were found. Woodcuts 

 of some of the instruments given by Mr. Evans in his 

 report on the implements discovered, leaves no doubt 

 that they were fashioned by man, and all of them are 

 of undoubted early palaeolithic type, more or less similar 

 to fig. 112, p. 540. 



