178 



OLDER PLIOCENE PERIOD. 

 No. 37. 



[Ch. XIII. 

 No. 38. 



Bent strata of loam in the cliffs between 

 Cromer and Runton. 



Folding of the strata between East and 

 West Runton. 



In the last of these cuts a central nucleus of sand is sur- 

 rounded by argillaceous and sandy layers. This phenomenon 

 is very frequent, and there are instances where the materials 

 thus enveloped consist of broken flints mingled with pieces of 

 chalk, forming a white mass encircled by dark laminated clay. 

 The diameter of these included masses, as seen in sections laid 

 open in the sea-cliffs, varies from five to fifteen feet. 



East of Sherringham, a heap of partially-rounded flints, 

 about five feet in diameter, is nearly enveloped by finely -lami- 

 nated strata of sand and loam, and some of the loam is entangled 



in the midst of the flints. 



No. 39. 



Section in the Cliffs east of Sherringham. 

 a, Sand and loam in thin layers. 



In this and similar instances, we may imagine the yielding 

 strata, a, to have subsided into a cavity, and the flints belong- 

 ing to a superincumbent bed to have pressed down with their 

 weight, so as to cause the strata to fold round them. 



That some masses of stratified sand and loam have actually 

 sunk down into cavities, or have fallen like landslips into ravines, 

 seems indicated by other appearances. Thus, near Sher- 

 ringham, the argillaceous beds, a, represented in the annexed 

 diagram (No. 40), are cut off abruptly, and succeeded by the 

 vertical and contorted series, b, c. The face of the cliff here 



