51 



Of the other species, 7 go no farther than the Miocene epoch, and are 

 distributed in the following manner, 



Bordeaux and Dax . . .3 



ib. ib. and Baden . . 1 



ib. ib. and Touraine . . 1 



ib. ib. and Angers . . 1 



ib. ib. Touraine and Angers . 1 



7 

 Total number of species in the three periods, 



In the Pliocene . . 777 



In the Miocene . . 1021 



In the Eocene . . 1238 



3036 



From the above lists it will appear that there are 17 species which are 

 common to the three epochs, and which may therefore be said to cha- 

 racterise the entire tertiary formations of Europe. Thirteen of them are 

 species still living, while four are only known as fossil. There is not a 

 single species common to the Pliocene and Eocene epochs which is not 

 also found in the Miocene. 



GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE LIVING SPECIES WHICH 

 HAVE THEIR FOSSIL ANALOGUES. 



Pliocene Epoch, 350 species. 



In the Mediterranean .... 242 



In the Indian Ocean 25 



At Senegal . 5 



Common to the Mediterranean and Senegal . 14 



. an( i the African Ocean 8 



' Indian Ocean and to Senegal . 7 



and to America 5 



Fossil in 



Sicily 

 and Italy. 



In the Northern European Ocean . . . 43 i Fossil in 

 Pacific Ocean .... lj the Crag. 



350 



Miocene Epoch, 176 species, (100 species common to the 

 preceding epoch.) 



Species. 

 At Senegal, of which 13 are common to the Indian Ocean, and 12 



to the Mediterranean . . . . .79 



In the Mediterranean and Southern European Ocean, of which 10 



are common to the Indian Ocean, and 12 to Senegal . 86 



In the Indian Ocean, 10 of which are common to the Southern 

 European Ocean . . . . . .29 



Carried over . . . . 194 



