INDEX. 



93 



Itna, southern base of, 77 



recent shells in clay at the foot of, 77 



dip of the marine strata at the base 



of, 78 



eastern side of, 78 



shells in tuffs and marls on the east 



side of, 79 



lavas of the Cyclopian isles, not cur- 

 rents from, 81 



P- internal structure of the cone of, 83 



great valley on the east side of see 



wood-cut No. 17, 83 



lateral eruptions of, 84 



manner of increase of the principal 



cone of, 84 



sections of buried cones on, 88 



form, composition, and origin of the 



dikes on, 90 



veins of lava on see wood-cut No. 

 20, 91 



view from the summit of, into the 



Val del Bove see wood-cut No. 22, 

 93 



subsidences on, 96 



antiquity of the cone of, 97 



whether signs of diluvial waves are 



observable on, 101 



list of fossil shells from the flanks 



of Appendix II., p. 53, 



Europe, newest tertiary strata of, 22 



large portions of, submerged when 



the secondary strata were formed, 23 



almost all the land in, has emerg- 

 ed since the deposition of the chalk, 330 



European tertiary strata, successive origin 

 of the, 18 



European alluviums in great part tertiary, 

 150 



ixcavation of valleys, 319 



^aluns of Touraine, 203 



comparison between the English 



crag and the, 203, 204 



were formed in a shallow sea, 204 



organic remains of the, 204, 206 



'asano, escarpment of marine strata seen 



near, 78 

 ^ault in the cliff-hills near Lewes see 



section, wood-cut No. 76,301 

 ^inochio, view of the rock of, with the 



lavas of 1811 and 1819 flowing round 



it see wood-cut No. 21, 92 

 ^irestone of the Weald Valley, 286 

 terrace formed by the harder beds 



of see wood-cut No. 67, 291, 292 

 ^ish, skeletons of, by no means frequent 



in a fossil state, 47 



fossil, of Castrogiovanni, 67 



'itton, Dr., on the secondary rocks of the 



Valley of the Weald, 286 

 . on the denudation of the Weald Val- 

 ley, 289 



Fitton, Dr., on faults in the strata of the 

 Forest ridge, 293 



on a line of vertical and inclin- 

 ed strata from the Isle of Wight to 

 Dieppe, 315 



an ammonite found in the Maes- 

 tricht beds by, 325 



' on the extent and thickness of the 

 Wealden, 329 



on the delta of the Niger, S29 



Fiume Salso, in Sicily, 252 



Fleming, Dr., on the effects of the deluge,, 

 271 



Flinty slate, slate-clay of the lias, con- 

 verted into, by trap dike, 370 



Flood, rupposed effects of the, 270 



hypothesis of a partial, 270 



Floridia, schistose and arenaceous lime- 

 stone of, 66 



Fluvia, river, ravines in lava excavated by, 

 186, 189 



Forest ridge of the Weald Valley, 293 



faults in the strata of the, 293 



thickness of masses removed from 



the, 313 



Formations, causes of the superposition of 

 successive, 26 



universal, remarks on the theory 



of, 38 



new subdivisions of the tertiary, 

 52 



Fossa Grande, section of Vesuvius seen in, 



84 

 Fossilization of plants and animals partial, 



31 

 Fossils, distinctness of the secondary and 



tertiary, 327 

 Fresh-water deposits, secondary, why rare, 



330 

 Fuveau, in Provence, tertiary strata of, 



276 



Gabel Tor, volcano of, 136 



Galieri, a bed of corals found standing 

 erect among igneous and aqueous for- 

 mations at, 73 



Ganges, the crocodile of the, found both 

 in fresh and saltwater, 330 



Gannat, fresh-water limestone of, 232 



Garnets, in altered shale, 369 



Garrinada, hill of, described (see frontis- 

 piece,) 187 



Gavarnie, cirque of, 88 



lamination of clay-slate near see 

 wood-cut No. 89, 366 



Gault of the Valley of the Weald, 

 286 



valley formed at its out-crop, 292 



forms an escarpment towards the 



Weald clay, 293 



Gemunden Maar, view of the see wood 

 cut No. 49, 195 



