100 



INDEX. 



Odoardi, on the recent origin of the tertiary 



strata of Italy, 1 9 



QEiningen, fossil reptile found at, 7 

 Older Pliocene period see Pliocene pe- 

 riod, older 

 Olivet, volcanic cone of (see frontispiece,) 



187 



Olot, volcanic district of, 183 

 its extent see map, wood-cut No. 

 43, 184 



number of volcanic cones in (see 

 frontispiece, 185) 



- geological structure of the district 

 around, 185 



age of the volcanosof, 191 



town of, destroyed by an earthquake 



in 1421, 191 



country between Perpignan and, oc- 

 casionally shaken by earthquakes, 191 



Omalius d'Halloy, on the former connexion 

 of Auvergne and the Paris basin by 

 lakes, 241 



Oolite, or jura limestone formation, 326 



converted into hypogene rock in 



the Alps, 371 



Organic remains, controversy as to the real 

 nature of, 3 



theories to account for their occur- 

 rence in high mountains, 4 



contemporaneous origin of rocks 



proved by, 39 



comparative value of different classes 

 of, 46 



Origin of the globe, no geelogical proofs 

 of, 384 



Orleanais, fossil remains of the, 219 



Orthes, tertiary strata of, 207 



Osseous breccias, in Sicilian caves, 139 



in Australian caves, 143 



now forming in the Morea, 144 



Otranto, tertiary strata of, 22 



Ouse, transverse valley of the, 298, 299 



has filled up an arm of the sea, 300 



Outlying patches of tertiary strata on chalk 

 hills, 283 



Pachydermata, great abundance of this 

 order in the Eocene period, 59 



Pacific, lines of ancient sea cliffs on the 

 shores of the, 130 



Palaeotherium found in the fresh-water 

 strata of the L4e of Wight, 281, 317 



Palagonia, dikes traversing peperino at 

 see diagrams Nos. 6 and 7, 69 



section to Paterno from see dia- 

 gram No. 12, 76 



Palermo, caves containing osseous breccias 

 near, 140 



fossil shells from see list Appen- 

 dix II., p. 55, 56 



Panella, in Ischia, ancient sea-beach seen 

 near. 127 



Papandayang, subsidence of the volcanic 



cone of, 96 

 Parallel roads of Coquimbo, 131 



of Glen Roy, 131 



Paris, comparison between the tertiary 



strata of, and those of England, 282 

 Paris basin, formations of the, 16 



organic remains of the, 16 



all tertiary formations at first re- 

 ferred to the age of those of the, 17 , 

 analogy of the deposits of central 



France to those of the, 241 

 geographical connexion of Auvergne 



and the, 241 



subdivisions of strata in the, 242 



diagrams showing the relation which 



the strata bear to each other see wood- 



cuts, Nos. 58 and 59, 243 

 . superposition of different formations 



in the, 244 



plastic clay and sands of the, 244 



calcaire grossier, 245 



calcaire siliceux described, 246 



gypsum and marls of the, 246 



second or upper marine group, 248 



third fresh-water formation, 249 



age of the deposits of the, 20, 250 



abundance of microscopic shells in 



the, 20, 250 



bones of quadrupeds in gypsum, 251 



alternation of strata with and without 

 organic remains in the, 254 



number of living species in the fossil 



testaceapfthe, 55, 253 



concluding remarks on the tertiary 



strata of the, 254 



fossil shells of the see tables, Ap- 

 pendix I. 



number of living species in the fos- 

 sil shells of the Appendix I., p. 50 



Parkinson, Mr., on the crag, 19, 156 



Parma, sub-Apennine marls thinly lami- 

 nated near, 158 



these marls intertratified with lig- 

 nite in the territory of, 1 59 



silicified shells found in the marls 



near, 160 



blue marl of, a fresh-water uni- 

 valve filled with marine shells found in 

 the, 163 



river, brown clay deposited by the, 



161 



Paroxysmal elevations, theory of, 128 



Partsch, M., on the tertiary strata of the 

 basin of Vienna, 213 



Paterno, section from, to Palagonia see 

 diagram, No. 12, 76 



valleys excavated through blue mar 



at, 77 



relative age of the basalts of, 82 



Pauliac, limestone of, 208 



Pegwell bay, recent deposits in, 182 



