INTRODUCTION. 48 



nation, which suggests the idea of its being the original country of 

 the many widely dispersed Malay tribes. 



Of all the tribes of the Old World, the Oceanic stock have 

 been the most extensively accused of cannibalism ; not as a mark 

 of honor, nor to gratify revenue, but for purposes of food. 



Amon<r the singular customs of the Island of Celebes, women are 

 eligible to the highest offices of the state ; so that, at the present 

 moment, four out of six of tin- hereditary rajahs arc females. 

 Among the Buges, some men dress like women, and sonic women 

 like men, for their whole lives, devoting themselves to the occupa- 

 tions of their adopted sex. 



The Polynesian branch inhabits the islands from the Pelews i" 

 Easter Island, west and fast, and from the Mariannes to tin' Sand- 

 wich Islands; their aliment is preeminently vegetable; they are 

 distinguished by the little or no use of the bow and arrow from the 

 Kelanonesians. To the inhabitants of the Pelew, Caroline, 

 Marianne, and Tarawan groups, : the name of Micrnnesians. 



The population of tin' Sandwich Islands is exceedingly mixed ; 

 no area is at once so European and so Polynesian. The Sandwich 

 Islanders are themselves emigrants, and ''are found at the coasi of 

 America opposite, thus giving admixture to the Californian and 

 Oregon Indians. They do the same in South America, on the 

 coast of Peru and Ecuador;" thus giving rise to the imperfectly 

 studied union of the American and Oceanic races. 



2. The Kelaenonesian stock is divided into three branches, the 



Papua, the Australian, and the Tasmanian. 



The Papua branch is found in New Guinea, New Hebrides, and 



the neighboring islands, and in the Fiji archipelago. 



In tin; Australian branch the lowest form of humanity has been 

 sought for, though it is probable that there has been considerable 

 over-statement on the subject. 



The Tasmanian branch inhabits Van Diemen's Land. 



D. — Hyperborean Mongolida belong to Siberia, on the coasts 

 of the Arctic Ocean, ami the courses of Yenisey and Kolwyma 



rivers. They are divided into Saim'iieds, Yeiiiseians, and Yukahiri. 

 The Samoicds resemble very nearly the Greenlanders in their phys- 

 ical appearance. This section probably will be found to be a 

 subdivision either of the Turanian or the Peninsular Mongolidse. 



E. — Peninsular Mongolida comprise tribes separated from each 

 other, both geographically and ethnologically ; the principal divis- 

 ions are the Koreans, Japanese, Kamtskadales, and others, inhabit- 

 ing the islands and peninsulas of north-eastern Asia; their lan- 

 guages arc agglutinate, and, in some cases, excessively polysyllabic 



