73 iNTBOOi i now. 



We find the races of man occupying circumscribed localities in inti- 

 mate connection with the recognized zoological and botanic proi 

 Arctic man, like Arctic animals, is the same in \ mi rica, Europe and 

 The races become more distinct as we approach the equator. 

 In temperate Europe we have the great Caucasian family, i 

 three great branches may be said t<> be three varietii - of the same 

 species, as the varieties of the lion in northern and southern Afri- 

 ca (though having their peculiar marks) constitute o 

 In temperate Asia v\e nave the Mongolian race; m temperate 

 America we have the Indian. In the tropics we have the African 

 nations, the .Malay race, ami the people of Central America and the 

 West Indies (by some considered congenital with the Malays). In 

 New Holland we have the Australian; in the Pacific islands we 

 have the Polynesian, and several local varieties. In southern 

 Africa we have i in- Bushman, the Hottentot and Kafir; iii south- 

 ern America, the Patagonian and Fuegian. Among the quadrumana, 

 which approach nearest to man, we see a similar adaptation of 

 species to continents. The monkeys of America, of Asia, of 

 Africa, of Madagascar, are different from each other ; and what is 

 curious is the fact that the black orang is confined to the continent 

 occupied by the black human races, while the brown orang is found 

 with the tawny Malay races. Is it at all likely that one is a modi- 

 fication of the other, by climate or external circumstances? 



These facts, to the mind of a naturalist, would prove thai both 

 man, and animals and plants, originated together in the places 

 where they are found ; for why should man alone assume new 

 peculiarities, very different from his supposed primitive ones, while 

 animals and plants, in the same limits. •• preserve their natural rela- 

 tions to the fauna and flora of other parts of the world V' We trace 

 the same general laws throughout nature, and there can be no room 

 " for the supposition that, while men inhabiting different parts of 

 the world originated from a common centre, the plants and animals 

 now associated with them, in the same countries, originated on the 

 spot ; such inconsistencies do not occur in the laws of nature." We 

 have additional evidence of the primitive ubiquity of man on the 

 earth in the fact, that, wherever men have migrated, they have 

 found aboriginal nations ; we have no record of people migrating to 

 a land which they found entirely destitute of inhabitants. 



As to the creation of a single pair, or pairs, it is opposed to the 

 economy of nature, except in a few instances. In some species of 

 animals, both sexes are of equal numbers ; in some there are many 

 females to one male ; in others, one female to many males, as the 

 oee ; some, in which a single individual is the whole species ; others, 



