94 INTRODUCTION. 



as it is, he comes home to die prematurely, with gold in his pockets, 

 and disease in his liver. Tn Australia, the Englishman with diffi- 

 culty rears his children ; he is in an unnatural climate, and must 

 accordingly decay ; he cannot be naturalized there. Finally, let us 

 glance at America. Says Dr. Knox (op. cit.), "Travel to the 

 Antilles, and see the European struggling with existence, a prey to 

 fever and dysentery, unequal to all labor, wasted and wan, finally 

 perishing, and becoming rapidly extinct as a race, but for the con- 

 stant influx of fresh European blood." In Havti, Cuba, Jamaica, 

 and the other islands, a black population is necessary to labor. The 

 sickly European must yield the tropics to the black race ; lie cannot 

 fight against the climate. So will it be in our Southern States and 

 Brazil ; white men cannot labor there ; the black man must be there, 

 either as free or slave, so long as the Anglo-American or European 

 resides there. Cut off fresh arrivals of whites from the north or 

 from Europe, and, as in Hayti, the negro race will soon predomi- 

 nate, and, "with the deepening color, will vanish civilization, the 

 arts of peace, science, literature." Look even at the Northern 

 States. Contrast the lean, lank, lackadaisical Yankee with the 

 ruddy, round, and robust Englishman, his ancestor. Says Dr. 

 Knox, with truth, " The ladies early lose their teeth ; in both sexes 

 the adipose cellular cushion interposed between the skin and the 

 aponeuroses and muscles disappears, or, at least, loses its adipose 

 portion ; the muscles become stringy and show themselves ; the ten- 

 dons appear on the surface ; symptoms of premature decay manifest 

 themselves." These are warnings that the climate has not been 

 made for him, nor he for the climate. 



It may now be asked if the species of man were created equal. 

 We speak not of individuals, but of races. Many Caucasians may 

 be inferior to many Negroes, or Mongolians, or Malays, and many 

 individuals of talent may be found among the dark races ; but they 

 are acknowledged exceptions. The question is not whether a race 

 may be improved, for that nobody doubts ; else were they not 

 human ; but whether all have the same capability of being improved ; 

 and what the races are naturally, and what is the standard of the 

 species. 



History need not be very deeply consulted to convince one that 

 the white races, without an exception, have attained a considerable 

 degree of civilization and refinement ; and that the dark races have 

 always stoppe . short at a considerably lower level. There must 

 have been a time when the Caucasian was as ignorant and uncivil- 

 ized as the American or the African ; all were once simple chil- 

 dren of Nature, or while the former have advanced, the latter have 



