THE HUMAN SPECIES. 157 



was published, portions of a small Elephant, of Elk and Rein- 

 deer, — facts which, in this case as in others, confirm the 

 coexistence of species in the present zoology, on the same 

 area.^ 



Of man, fragments are in the possession of the Prince of 

 Reuss, Baron von Schlotheim, Dr. Schotte, and other individ- 

 uals residing near the spot ; and Mr. Fairholme, who went 

 purposely to Saxony to convince himself of the facts by careful 

 examination of the locality, brought home specimen*, which 

 he presented to the British Museum. It appears that all the 

 bones are not precisely entombed within the caverns or the 

 fissures, since the fragment of an arm and the thigh-bone of a 

 man were dug out of the clay at eighteen feet of depth, and 

 eight feet below two phalanges of a Rhinoceros. 



As the facts relating to the coexistence of human remains 

 with the bones of a mostly extinct mammalogy can no longer 

 be denied, it remains to be ascertained whether the explanations 

 that have been offered with a view of proving that they are of 

 a more recent date, can be substantiated. Those found in the 

 clefts of lime rock in England (17S7) were reburied or thrown 

 on the public road, without further notice. The late Rev. Mr. 

 M'Enery disposed of those he found, without examination; 

 and, as it appears to us, his replies to our interrogations, and 

 his letter, afterwards published, did not exactly coincide, since 

 there was some disparity in the bones not being all found above 

 the stalagmite, but partly below. The criterion for pronouncing 

 on the age of vertebrata remains, we believe, rests solely, 

 beside the circumstances of location, upon the absence or pres- 

 ence of animal matter in them. In the first case, a bone sticks 

 to the tongue ; in the second, it is not adhesive. No series of 



*Cuvier remarked the coexistence of Elk, in all respects appearing to 

 be identical with the present, the Asiatic elephant, and other tropical ani- 

 mals, in the same deposits. 



14 



