206 NATURAL HISTORY OF 



relative strength of savages. The experiment sh:»ultl be tried, 

 likewise, with Caffres, Patagonians, Araucanos, and Osages, 

 notwithstanding these nations train their powers more to active 

 exertions of body than to heavy manual toil; for if the trial 

 were made with women, it may be expected that, in most cases, 

 Europeans would be inferior to savages, excepting those who 

 are particularly destitute of food ; or if it were made between 

 populations of the bearded race, such, for example, as French 

 Canadian boatmen and English laborers, there is no doubt that 

 the last mentioned would as greatly surpass the first, in the toil 

 of agricultural labor, as they would be outdone by them in the 

 lasting exertions of poling, — that is, pushing boats up the cur- 

 rent of rapid streams by the help of poles. 



INTELLECTUAL AND MORAL CHARACTERS OF THE TYPICAL 



STOCKS. 



Confining the number to three, because they alone are pos- 

 sessed of the extremes of difference in structure and color, and 

 because they have received, as before stated, centres of exist- 

 ence where the others cannot predominate, we shall find pro- 

 ceeding from them sub-typical stems, always interposed at the 

 geographical points of contact between the two nearest types 

 and, further on, third and fourth branches, or races and nations, 

 consisting of more divergent forms, which have combined the 

 characters of all the three in greater or less proportions ;* while 

 over the whole are spread adventitious distinctions, sprung 

 from changes of climate, latitude, food, mode of life, and the 



* The ancients, in several of the trinal combinations which play in 

 their doctrines, seem to have an allusion, perhaps unwittingly, so far as 

 the Greeks were concerned, to the three typical stocks, in the evocation 

 of Hecate, (a Scythian divinity) ; for the ceremony demanded a waxen 

 triform image, whereof one was to be white, the second red, and the 

 third black. These indications are significant on a spot such as Tauris, 

 notwithstanding the usual explanation, which refers them to the triune 

 doctrines of India. 



