THE HUMAN SPECIES. 227 



or Negroes, escaped from Portuguese, Spanish, and Dutch 

 slavery, increase; they have established independent commu- 

 nities in the swampy regions of Guiana, and, still more, 

 between the rivers Amazon, Iza, and Japura, where, under the 

 name of Jurie Negroes, they occupy an extensive territory, 

 since they expelled the Moruas and Maruquevare Indians. 

 These, however, together with the Haytian, the Jamaica 

 Maroons, and Guadaloupe Quelehs, as well as all the West 

 Indian and North American woolly-haired populations, being 

 the offspring of the greatest intermixture of different African 

 tribes, and not entirely free of European and American Indian 

 admixture, are excited by acquired knowledge, under new cir- 

 cumstances, and therefore capable of a united and reasoned 

 energy. They have mostly lost the peculiar features belong- 

 ing to the different African parent tribes. Their heads are 

 larger, as is seen also in Dr. Morton's measurements, who, we 

 are inclined to believe, was not aware of the rapid change that 

 takes place in the development of the skull ; though, even in 

 Europe, the difference of size in heads of the educated and 

 uneducated classes, among civilized nations, is no secret to 

 hatters. In this condition, colonial born Negroes are often 

 ingenious handicrafts. We have known a slave cooper, whose 

 owner refused to grant his emancipation for less than £600. 

 They make good masons and joiners, and excellent steersmen 

 at the wheel and tiller are not uncommon. 



The voice of Negroes is feeble and hoarse in the male sex ; 

 exceedingly high and shrill in females ; the sense of sight is 

 acute; that of taste sufficiently delicate ; hearing sharp; with 

 notions of time, but very little of melody; yet fond of music, 

 and constantly handling instruments of the most imperfect 

 kind, excepting a species of harmonicon, made of slips of 

 bamboo, or of a set of sounding stones, — if it be that these are 

 of their own invention. They have drums and a kind of Cas- 

 tanet; but stringed instruments are derived from a Moorish 

 source. Though the physical qualities are well developed, the 



