THE HUMAN SPECIES. 289 



The Negro or woolly-haired type, independently of diluvian 

 convulsions, appears, as before stated, originally to have 

 extended northward to the lower ranges of the Himalaya 

 chain, if indeed that region was not its original seat ; and that 

 it did not extend, in a pure or perhaps somewhat mixed state, 

 eastward to Japan, may be surmised by the present population 

 of Formosa being apparently descended from an expelled people, 

 once resident about the coasts of China. It is confirmed from 

 the existence of a black stock, with Caucaso-Mongoles, and now 

 termed Min-leu, black-haired people; a denomination which 

 implies a distinct race, not genuine Chinese. The same infer- 

 ence may be drawn from the black people mentioned by Abul- 

 ghazi, and even from the melanic Californians on the west 

 coast of America. 



In this view, the first migrations of the Negro stock, coast- 

 ing westward by catamarans, or in wretched canoes, and 

 skirting South-Western Asia, may synchronize with the 

 earliest appearance of the Negro tribes in Eastern Africa, and 

 just precede the more mixed races, which, like the Ethiopians 

 of Asia, passed the Red Sea at the straits of Bab-el-mandel, 

 ascended the Nile, or crossed that river to the west ; for that 

 movements of this kind were long continued, is apparent, from 

 the Na^as or Norages, who visited Spain and the Mediter- 

 ranean islands under Norax, so late as the dawn of authentic 

 history. 



Taking the whole southern portion of Asia westward to 

 Arabia, this conjecture, which likewise was a conclusion 

 drawn, after patient research, by the late Sir T. Stamford 

 Raffles, accounts, more satisfactorily than any other for the 

 oriental habits, ideas, traditions, and words, which can be traced 

 among several of the present African tribes and in the South 

 Sea islands ; it points out the primaeval cities of the woolry- 

 haired people in Nangasaki, or rather, in its ancient form, 

 Nagaraki, according to Pfitzmayer ; Nagara, now Cashmere ; 



