THE HUMAN SPECIES. 293 



however, a remarkable circumstance, that, excepting in the 

 ruling families, the unceasing importations of Caucasian female 

 slaves, victims of inroads, which for a succession of ages swept 

 the populations of Southern Asia, and the whole of North- 

 western Europe, independent of similar devastations perpe- 

 trated by Moogolic nations, at still earlier periods, over the 

 Yuchi and other Oriental Asiatics, the Caucasian stock should 

 have left such scanty outward evidence in the masses of the 

 conquerors. The lower innervation, and consequent deadly 

 apathy, in the relations of humanity, alone can account for it. 

 Small as the influence may be in other respects, it has, never- 

 theless, tended to produce, on the north of the great wall of 

 China, a Caucasian ratiocination, which the Kara-kuthai, and 

 all Tab tars evince, in the Islam religious expansion. 



Batu Khan, nephew of Genghiz, formed, about 1223, the 

 celebrated Golden horde in Kiptchack, a state between the 

 Don, Volga, and Yaik, where, with the habits of various races 

 of mixed and true Caucasians, an immense caravan trade was 

 created, and extended to Samarkand and China on the one 

 side, and on the other came to Astrakan, and thence, by the 

 Volga, to Cazan and the Baltic, or by the Don to Azoff, or, 

 lastly, by the Kur and Rion, reached the post where the 

 Genoese had revived the trade of ancient Col his, — a wise 

 and industrial system, which, while it lasted, conferred such 

 riches on the government and people, that the resplendent 

 above noted was the consequence. But that the evident 

 advantages of a peaceful policy could not wholly restrain the 

 habits of rapine, is evident; for it was at this period, 1237, 

 1241, that Batu, with the Kiptchack or Komans, and Petah 

 Khan, with the Telebog and Nogai swarms, made those great 

 inroads upon eastern Europe which nearly depopulated Russia, 

 Poland, Hungary, and adjacent provinces. But the successes 



(the Bergmen and dwarfs of every'legend), and their dragon guardians 

 Caucasian Fins, such as the Niron, who seem at all times to have recog- 

 nized a dragon for their national standard. 



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