THE HUMAN SPECIES. 301 



hordes of colonists possessed of Gomerian blood, or at least of 

 Celto-Scythic traditions and practices, is indicated. It forms 

 the Celtic element in their composition ; and from this source 

 they acquired, together with a portion of their dialects, those 

 habits of forming circles of stones and cromlechs, which are 

 still abundant in Norway, in some parts of north-western Ger- 

 many, and Friesland. They possessed traditions originating 

 in the north as well as south of High Asia ; legends that recur 

 again in the Celtic Basque provinces, and even in western 

 America. 



The small clans, ruled by a patriarchal or family system, 

 which the earliest documents of the Celtic colonists in Britain ac- 

 knowledge to have found on the soil, and whose smoky cavern 

 dwellings may be traced perhaps near Brixham, on the shores 

 of Torbay, must be referred to that sub-type of the human race ; 

 for not being of the Celtic stock, they could not well be of other 

 than of Finnic origin. In the generally scattered diffusion of 

 residence, having abundant supplies of food from the sea, the 

 lakes, rivers, and forests, small clans, with affinities in dialects, 

 creeds, and consanguinity, could not find many motives for 

 hostility. Those savage wars of extermination, rising out of 

 ambition, or for the possession of favorite localities, most likely 

 did not occur until greater pressure of new colonies, vastly 

 augmented populations, increasing cultivation and wealth, 

 roused cupidity and the spirit of dominion ; for, otherwise, the 

 sudden march of whole nations could not subsequently have 

 taken place unmolested by neighbors ; such, for instance, as 

 the Gallic, down the Danube, to Greece and Asia Minor; the 

 Boian, north-eastward to Bohemia; or the Cymber, from the 

 coasts of the German Ocean to Italy. 



In the east of Europe we find a myrmidon people, again, 

 no doubt, burrowing ants, like the gold-finding miners of 

 High Asia, with Thessalian Larissa, subject to the Thraco- 

 Pelasgian Achilles. Moreover, we find the Helotes, and other 

 indigenous tribes reduced to slavery by conquering Heleni, 

 26 



