THE HUMAN SPECIES. 311 



Italians; Markt, Fair, and Kioping, of the Gotbx nations. 

 The existence of these emporia explains how the classical 

 ancients came so early to be acquainted with the amber coast 

 of the north ; for, in the third century B. C, Pythias, a Grecian 

 traveller, and Divo, a Bithynian, at a later date, visited the 

 present provinces of Pomerania and Prussia ; and though the 

 work of the first named is lost, quotations remain sufficiently 

 to establish the attention his narrative must have deserved.^ 



THE ETRUSCANS. 



There was, beside the two nations of Upper Italy here 

 noticed, a people more ancient than either, having in the lan- 

 guage it spoke roots of Teutonic still more abundant ; which, 

 although it was believed to be derived from two widely sepa- 

 rated sources, still bore the same import in the designations of 

 both their names. One, the Rasenic, it was asserted, had pos- 

 session of the lower Tridentine Alps, when the other (the 

 Tyrhenic) came up by sea, it is said from Tyrra in Lydia, and, 

 landing at the mouth of the Po, built Adria or Hadria, on the 

 margin of the river. The present town stands more than 

 twenty feet above the original foundations, and ten above that 

 which existed in the time of the Romans; facts which, taking 

 the accumulation of the soil near the mouth of the river to 

 have advanced at an equal rate, would give about 3600 years 



* Pythias, quoted by Pliny, flourished about 330 B. C. He visited the 

 amber coast, and notices the Guttones on the Montonomon estuary ( lie 

 Frische Nahrung), at one day's journey from the island Abalus ( he 

 present Palmeniken), where amber was cast up by the sea. Divo is men- 

 tioned as having visited the Baltic in the reign of Augustus ; he is quoted 

 by Jaroslaw, domprobst of Ploezk. There is in Spon even an attempt to 

 figure Hyperborean hunters, one riding a stag (reindeer) being shown 

 galloping towards a net. The work of art is from a bas-ielief, found at 

 Etruscan Anxur. 



