THE HUMAN SPECIES. 315 



by its name clearly assuming the mixed origin of Finn and 

 Gael. It was one marked as miners and sword smiths, person- 

 ified in the name of Luno, and, moreover, a tribe with Finnic, 

 not Celtic, religious superstitions. These qualities ally the 

 Fion closely with the oldest Cymbers of the north-west, who 

 were themselves Scythian-Celts, which is the same as Finns 

 of mixed origin with northern Celtse.^ 



Further north, from Denmark to the extremities of the 

 Baltic, Teutonic Finns were spread all along the shores of that 

 inland sea, perhaps even in Jutland, the best known still 

 existing either entirely Germanized, or only so in their per- 

 sonal appearance. In Scandinavia, they were miners from 

 remote ages, wherever the topography of the land gave assur- 

 ance that ores were beneath the surface. On the German 

 side, fishermen, navigators, pirates, and merchants, collectively 

 known, in a subsequent period, as Venden, Vandals, Vuidini, 

 having every appearance of a consanguinity with the Veneti 

 on the Adriatic, and exchanging, by their means, amber and 

 peltry with the nations of the south, through the interior of 

 Germany. The city Wineta, on the west of the Isle of 

 Usedom, in the subsequently known kingdom of the Obotrita3, 



* The Creon dynasty acquired supremacy over the Gaelcoch, or Red- 

 Haired Celts, in the second century of the Christian era. From the fall 

 of Galgacus, four generations, Trenmor, Trathal, Comhal, and last Fin- 

 gal, ruled, when the power appears to have passed to the Maeatae, or to 

 the family of Gaul, the more ancient head of the people. During the 

 Creon dynasty, the conquests of the Romans were first arrested and then 

 thrown back behind the wall. But whether the name of Fingal be 

 derived from Vindgael (head of the foreigners), may be questioned, 

 though all the Gallic nations then in the north were strangers. There 

 were iron works in Britain before Caesar's invasion, as is proved by the 

 chains and fastenings of the fleet he defeated on the coast of Gaul. 

 The bardic similes still notice "the hundred hammers of the furnace," 

 "the stream of metal from the furnace," &c. There is even the shiel- 

 ing of Glenturret, called Renna Cardich, or the smith's dwelling, 

 with remains of cinders, scoriae, and ruins, all evidence of antique iron 

 works. 



