46 PHYSICAL INVESTIGATION. [PART I. 



parts uglier and more like the Malays. Winterbottom, 1 who 

 asserts that lean people of dark colour become of a lighter colour 

 on growing fat, found the inhabitants of the unhealthy coasts 

 of Sierra Leone, darker than those who live inland. Thus we 

 also hear of the Arowakas, in Guiana, that whilst some of them 

 resemble in complexion the Spaniards and the Italians, those 

 living in the unhealthy low parts near the sea are nearly as 

 dark as the lighter coloured Negroes. 2 In this way it may, 

 perhaps, be explained why the Chiriguanas, in the old missions 

 of Piray, are of dark brown colour (color morenos), but those 

 who remained heathens, their women specially, are nearly as white 

 as the Spaniards. 3 The former may, under the direction of 

 the missionaries, have cultivated the soil, the latter may have 

 lived in the forests protected from the sun. 



From these and other instances it has been inferred that hot 

 and damp countries favour the darkening of the skin. 4 The 

 frequency of bilious diseases, which occur on changing the 

 residence from high dry lands to low marshy grounds, has been 

 often observed. Further confirmations of the fact are found 

 when we notice the change of colour which Europeans experi- 

 ence in other parts of the world, and especially under the 

 tropics. Even the traveller who remains there but a short 

 time loses his colour. ' ' When I arrived at Grhadames," says 

 Eichardson, 5 " I had a rosy colour, now I am like these yellow 

 men." The covered parts, however, preserve their original 

 colour, as has been proved in the case of the French soldiers 

 in Algiers. On the other hand, it is stated of the North- 

 American Indians that the covered parts are not lighter in 

 colour than the naked. 7 This is also asserted of the natives 

 of Mexico and Peru. 8 



1 "Machr. v. d. Sierra Leone," p. 240, 1805. 



2 " Journal of the Royal G-eogr. Soc.," ii, p. 229, according to Hilhouse. 



3 " Viedma in de Angelas, Coleccion de Obras y Documentos," B Aires iii 

 9, ad. 50, 1836. 



4 Jarrold, " Anthropologia ; or, on the Form and Colour of Man/' p. 188, 

 1838. Heusinger, " Grundriss der Anthropol.," p. 87, 1829. 



5 Trav. in the Great Desert of Sahara," i, p. 265, 1848. 



6 Lay, James, " Account of an Exped. to the Kooky Mountains under M. 

 Long., Philad.," i, p. 285, 1823. 



T Humboldt and Bonpland, " Eeise," ii, 250. 



