54 PHYSICAL INVESTIGATION. [PART I. 



rally, in caricature, represented with a long neck and long hair. 

 The latter is, in comparison with the soft silky hair of the 

 Englishman, evidently an approach to the American Indian. 

 The long neck is connected with a weaker development of the 

 glandular system, to which must be added the nervous irrita- 

 bility of the American. These peculiarities have been connected 

 with the dry west winds which predominate in the United 

 States ; notwithstanding nearly double the quantity of rain 

 which falls there, in comparison with most European countries, 

 drought frequently injures the harvest. 1 Other causes con- 

 tribute to this change, such as the restless activity of the 

 Yankee, and his love of spirituous liquors. The American is 

 also said to have a voice of less metal, and his eyelids are 

 said to be shorter, than those of the European. 2 



Whilst in New South Wales, as in North America, the child- 

 ren of European parents are apt to become tall and lean, 3 there 

 is a tendency among the European colonists at the Cape to 

 grow fat ; 4 which reminds us of the large fat tails of the Cape 

 sheep, and the fat hips of the native women. The white Creoles 

 in the West Indies, have also a disposition to grow fat ; they 

 are tall and well-made, and distinguish themselves from the 

 Europeans by the flexibility of their limbs. Their pale yellow 

 complexion and their precocity have already been mentioned. 

 Their eyes are deep-seated, usually of grey, black, or dark- 

 brown colour. The skin generally feels cool. 5 Some authors 

 (Yater), mention the prominency of their cheek-bones, which 

 is denied by others. Nott ascribes to them, besides their pale 

 complexion, no peculiarities which distinguish them from the 

 whites. With regard to this assertion, it must be considered 

 that most Europeans, the English especially, only go to the 

 West Indies to acquire wealth and then return to their native 

 country. Joseph Brown 6 mentions that the same parents, who, 



1 Williamson, " Observations on the Climate of America/' New York, 1811. 



2 Jarrold, p. 135. 



3 Lesson, " Voy. Medical autour du M., 1829," p. 110; and Majoribanks, 

 " Travels in N. S. Wales, 1847," p. 217. 



4 Barrow, "B. durch die inneren Gegenden des Siidlich. Afr., 1801-55," ii, p. 121 . 

 " Bryan Edwards, " Hist, des Colonies Anglaises dans les Indes occ." p. 175, 



Paris, 1801. 

 6 " Cyclop, of Pract. Med.," ii, p. 419. 



