SECT. 1II.J INTERMIXTURE OP RACES. 173 



them are quite fair. 1 The stiff hair which they preserve to the 

 second and third generations is, according to Ovaglie, 2 the only 

 mark which there distinguishes the Mestizoes from the pure 

 Spaniards. Among the Sertanejos of Pernambuco the children 

 of the same parents are rarely all of the same colour, and the 

 difference is in some cases so great, that a doubt might arise as 

 to their legitimacy if the phenomenon were less general. 3 In 

 Paraguay, where the intermixture between Spaniards and In- 

 dians has been more general, there are but few indications of 

 Indian blood either in the higher or lower ranks ; the features 

 appear here more English than in any other part of Spanish 

 America. In the huts of the poor, children are frequently seen 

 with elongated faces, and light or red hair, as among the 

 Scotch. 4 The North-American Indians, as is often asserted, 

 produce, especially with the Scotch, a powerful race of cross- 

 breeds. 5 The Mestizoes, originating from the peoples at the 

 mouth of the Columbia river, exhibit but few peculiarities of the 

 Indians ; they have mostly a light skin, frequently light hair 

 and blue eyes. 6 The mongrels of Europeans and Greenlanders 

 have, as a rule, a European physiognomy, which, however, 

 varies much, the hair being mostly dark, sometimes light ; the 

 complexion fair. Psychically they resemble more the Esquimaux, 

 chiefly because they are brought up by Esquimaux mothers, 

 though they are more active, clean, and orderly. 7 



Castelnau 8 makes the following statement concerning the 

 Mulattoes of Minas Greraes : 



1 . The child of a white man and an Indian woman resembles 

 the mother : it has stiff hair and oblique eyes. 



2. The child of an Indian and Negress, the Cabouret or 

 Zambo, has crisp hair, oblique eyes, and a dark bronzed skin. 



3. That of the Indian and the Cabourette has straight 



1 Ulloa, ii, p. 34. 



2 " Hist, relatione del regno di Cile, Eoma," p. 96, 1646. 



3 Koster/p. 238. 



4 Ausland, p. 977, 1856, according to Mansfield, " Paraguay, Brazil, and the 

 Plate." 



5 Kohl, "Kitschi-Gami," ii, p. 206. 



6 Parker, "Journal," p. 160, 1838. 



' V. Etzel, " Greenland," p. 339, 1860. 

 8 "Exped.,"i, p. 205, 1850. 



