210 PHYSICAL INVESTIGATION. [PART I. 



flattened faces than the former, frizzly hair, large sparkling 

 eyes, high but flat foreheads, and somewhat hooked noses. 1 In 

 the district of Marghi, the peculiar Negro type is not met with : 

 the features are fine and regular, lips no more than full, fore- 

 head high, colour of a shining black or of a coppery tint. 2 

 On the other hand, the dirty black and bony Mussgu are, ex- 

 cepting their high foreheads and bushy eyebrows, entirely 

 Negro-like. The inhabitants of Baghirmi are well grown, 

 more muscular than the Bornouese, the nostrils are not widely 

 open, and the women have remarkably regular features. In 

 Wadai, where Mohammed-el-Tounsy 3 mentions a large number 

 of different peoples, without describing them, each of which 

 is said to have its peculiar physiognomy and language, there 

 live, according to Barth, both Negro and Arab tribes. The 

 Nuba, as the inhabitants of Kordofan call themselves, possess 

 woolly hair and very thick lips, not the small flat noses of 

 the inhabitants of the southern mountains of that region, but 

 well proportioned. 4 The mountaineers have less prominent 

 cheek-bones than the Negroes proper, the skin is often of 

 a chestnut colour, and they are generally well made. The 

 old Arab writers (Icthakri, Idrisi) expressly distinguish the 

 Nubians from Negroes (whom later authors confound), and de- 

 scribe them, especially the women, as smooth-haired, with 

 small lips and mouths, which corresponds in the main with the 

 description of modern travellers as regards the Nubians beyond 

 Kordofan. The physical form of the Gallas sometimes ap- 

 proaches the European type, and it is not yet decided to which 

 they properly belong'. 5 But in their district, and in that of the 

 Abyssinians, some small tribes of a genuine Negro-type are 

 met with, the Shangallas, 6 the Doba, 7 and the Doko. 8 The 



1 Denham, Clapperton, and Oudney, p. 201. 



2 Earth., loc. cit., ii, p. 465. 



3 Voy. au Ouaday," pp. 245, 253, 1851. 



4 Riippell, " Ecise in Nubien," p. 141, 1829. 



5 Rochet d'Hericourt, "Voy. dans le royaume de Choa," p. 269, 1841; 

 Primer, p. 63 ; Lefebvre, Petit et Quartin-Dillon, " Voy. en Abyssinie," iii, 

 p. 289, 1845. 



r > Bruce, " Eeise," ii, pp. 433, 537, 1790. 



< Salt, " Voy. to Abyssinia," p. 275, 1814. 



8 Harris, " The highlands of ^Ethiopia," iii, p. 63, 2nd edit., 1844 ; compare 

 Johnston, " Travels in S. Abyssinia," ii, p. 383, 1844, and d' Abbadie in " Nouv. 

 aim. des voy." i, p. 261, 1845. 



