216 PHYSICAL INVESTIGATION. [PAKT I. 



skull and face, have by many been included in the Mongolian 

 race, though they are separated from it by their woolly hair 

 growing in single small bunches. The Georgians and Tscherk- 

 esses possess perfect Grecian skulls ; yet their language forbids 

 the idea of their consanguinity to the Indo- Germanic nations. 

 According to Tschudi, 1 the cranium of the Aymaras approaches 

 nearly that of the Guanches. 



A further objection, of considerable weight, against a fixed 

 separation of the chief types, and consequently against the 

 assumption of specific differences, is afforded by the fact that 

 individuals who, in their external character, deviate consider- 

 ably from the parent stock, exhibiting that of a foreign tribe, 

 occur in all parts of the globe. It has already been mentioned, 

 that laterally compressed skulls and oblique incisors, are fre- 

 quently found in Europeans. Oblique eyes, projecting lower 

 jaw, small square foreheads, crania elongated upwards or back- 

 wards, prominent cheek-bones, appear in families the Germanic 

 origin of which is undoubted. Lucae 2 has given a sketch of 

 such a skull 3 which much resembles the macrocephalous 

 Asiatic of Blumenbach. 4 There is, further, 5 the skull of a 

 Hessian criminal, of the Marburg collection, which in form 

 entirely agrees with that of the Peruvian skulls, as regards the 

 flattened forehead, strongly developed occiput, and flattened 

 coronal region ; and finally, 6 there is a skull which in many 

 respects reminds us of the Mongolian formation. Pure Arabs 

 are sometimes, in their native country, perfectly black. The 

 prognathous form of the face, with a light complexion, is seen 

 in many Egyptians. Thick lips and flat noses are met with in 

 European nations ; for instance, among the Slavonians. Even 

 woolly hair is seen in some instances in northern nations ; but 

 a single character, observes Pruner, establishes no decided 

 mark of distinction, they must all be combined. However 

 much we might agree with him in this respect, we find in it a 

 confession that race-characters do not constitute specifically 

 fixed differences : hence it seems to us illogical, when he says, 



1 Midler's, " Archiv," p. 98, 1844. 4 Decas, i, tab. 3. 



2 Schadel, abnormer form. 5 Table vi. 



3 Table iii. 6 Table xvii. 



