SECT. IV.] DEVIATION FROM TYPE. 219 



flaxen hair. In Nutka, there are men with brown and light 

 li.iir. 1 Among the Cayawas or Cayowas, near the sources of 

 the Rio Branco, a tributary of the Paraguay, there are fair- 

 complexioned individuals with light hair, who seem to be of pure 

 blood ; 2 and Velasco 3 says of the Graes people on the Marafion, 

 that their hair is as fine as that of Europeans. Pickering 4 is 

 therefore wrong in maintaining that, excluding Albinoes, flaxen 

 hair, red hair, and blue eyes, are only met with in the white 

 race. With regard to the colour of the skin, there are also 

 among the Pehuenches strikingly white Indians who have the 

 colour of a German peasant. 5 Thus the Spaniards found in 

 Macapana when they conquered the country, young Indian 

 girls who had been brought up in seclusion, white as Euro- 

 peans, which was also the case in Santa Fe. 6 Among the 

 Aguanos and Barbudes, on the Huallaga river, the males were 

 sunburnt, but the women were as white as the Spanish females, 

 some of them even had red hair (according to the reports of 

 the Jesuits in the seventeenth century) . 7 To the Araucanians 

 belong the much whiter Boroanos, living between the rivers 

 Imperial and Tolten, 38J-39 S. lat.; 8 they are considered, 

 by Molina, 9 perfectly to resemble northern Europeans in figure 

 and colour. However much he may elsewhere 10 insist upon it 

 that they are neither Albinoes nor cross-breeds, still, as we shall 

 show in the sequel, the view that they are Mestizoes (an opinion 

 recently adopted also by Smith 11 ), is much more probable. 

 Ancient historical documents, referring to that country, leave 

 no doubt on the subject. 



After these examples, we may expect that a closer examina- 

 tion of individual peoples will make us acquainted with still 

 greater deviations from their original type, than those who as- 



1 Roquefeuil, " Journal d'un voy. aut. du monde," ii, p. 189, 1823. 



2 Castelnau, ii, p. 395. 



3 In Ternaux, " Recueil de documents," p. 288. 



4 " The races of man," 1849. 



5 Poppig, " Reise," i, p. 463. 



6 P. Simon, " Noticias de las conq. de Tierra Firme," i, pp. 2, 4, 1627. 



I Rodriquez, " El Maranon y Ainazonas," iii, c. 3, Madrid, 1684. 



8 Poppig, " Reise," vol. i. 



9 " Essai sur 1'hist. nat. du Chili," p. 313, 1789. 



10 See his " Saggio sulle storia civile de Chile," p. 10, Bologna, 1787. 



II " The Araucanians," p. 293, New York, 1855. 



