264 PSYCHOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION. [PART II. 



faculties of the occipital region are predominating ; whilst the 

 anterior part of the brain the intellectual portion is not so 

 much developed as in the Peruvians and Mexicans. How- 

 ever, it unfortunately happens that the latter, in spite of their 

 cultivation, had low receding foreheads ; and that, as regards 

 the savage tribes of America, a flattened, small developed occi- 

 put, has, by Morton himself, been considered as typical. As 

 another contradiction, may be mentioned, that the old Egyp- 

 tians had only 80 cubic inches, 1 and must accordingly, like the 

 Hindoos, old Peruvians, and Mexicans, have possessed less 

 brains than the barbarous nations which lived in their vicinity. 

 By the way, we may mention, that according to Tiedemann's 

 and Morton's tables, 2 the difference between the mean cranial 

 capacity of the Englishman and Irishman amounts to 9 cubic 

 inches, and that between the Irishman and the Negro only to 

 4 cubic inches. 



Huschke 3 has recently made numerous measurements, and 

 found that, though in all races relatively large and small skulls 

 occur, the size of the cranium increases from the lower to 

 higher races, among whom the largest crania are met with. 

 But even his special data do not support his general propo- 

 sitions. They are as follows : 



MEAN RESULTS OF CRANIAL CAPACITY. 



Ounces. Cases. 



Male Europeans - 40'88 - 441 



Americans - - 39'13 - 31 



Mongols - 38-39 - 46 



Negroes - - 37-57 - 54 



Malays - 36'41 - 98 



It may be immediately seen that this series does not agree 

 with any of those quoted, but that it proves as little the pro- 

 position, that cranial capacity and mental qualifications are cor- 

 responding ; for the gifted Malay has, according to the above 



1 Mean results of 55 cases, Silliman, loc. cit. ; Nott and Gliddon, " Types," 

 pp. 280, 432, 450. 



2 Quoted by Bachmann, in Smyth, " The unity of the human races," p. 262, 

 1850. 



3 Schadel, Hirn, und Seele, 1854. 

 3 " Crania Americana," p. 260. 



