SECT. I.] DISTINCTIONS OP MAN AND BRUTE. 283 



This enlarged individualization within the human species, rests 

 upon a richer vital development, founded upon a peculiar con- 

 ception of the results of experience. 



There is only one specific peculiarity mentioned by us which 

 cannot apparently be traced to the same foundation ; namely, 

 the sense of the beautiful, so that man does not remain satis- 

 fied with merely providing for his physical wants, but orna- 

 ments his body, and what belongs to him in various ways. It 

 may be that such attempts are not made where an individual 

 lives in perfect isolation, that they are founded on vanity and 

 desire of distinction above others ; still, the problem is not 

 solved by it. The impression produced on the mind by music 

 belongs to this, like other sensual perceptions which do not 

 merely supply vital necessaries. The agreeable sensations and 

 pleasurable feelings of which animals are capable, seem to be 

 much less various, and almost exclusively confined to the gra- 

 tification of the lower senses (smell and taste). We are not 

 far wrong, if we consider this limitation to the gratification of 

 the lower senses as one of the chief causes of the psychical 

 inferiority of animals. 



When we consider how decisive, for the mode of our con- 

 ceptions of things and their remembrance, is the interest we 

 take in a particular object, and how this interest determines 

 the degree of intensity and direction of our attention, we must 

 feel inclined to trace back the differences existing between man 

 and animals, in their original modes of conception and the 

 strength of memory, to an original difference in the interest 

 taken by different creatures. The interest in an object is pro- 

 portional to the pleasurable feeling experienced or expected from 

 it. In man, there are many perceptions of the higher senses 

 allied to such pleasurable feelings, which induce him to pay 

 greater attention to their development and impressions ; whilst 

 the pleasurable feelings of animals, being chiefly limited to the 

 gratification of the lower senses, induces a defective apprecia- 

 tion of things, and prevents a higher intellectual development. 

 We shall not attempt here to decide the difficult fundamental 

 psychological question, whether the original mode of concep- 

 tion decides the form of psychological life ; as the differences 



