388 PSYCHOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION. [PART II. 



undisturbed enjoyment, cannot last ; for it is their destination 

 sooner or later to be drawn within the vortex of general inter- 

 course, and to be made in some way, by their labour, to con- 

 tribute to the end and aim and development of society. 



Even after this shall have been effected as regards all the 

 peoples of the earth, it is not to be expected that the great 

 differences between the various kinds of labour required by 

 civilization will disappear. Setting aside all minor differences, 

 and keeping in view the" chief object of labour, we find that 

 it is physical, social, or intellectual, accordingly as it is 

 directed to physical well-being, the preservation of social order, 

 or the promotion of knowledge. In every people which par- 

 takes of civilization, these chief divisions of labour will be 

 represented by different classes, though it does not follow that 

 this is effected in every people in the same manner. Though in 

 every people the group of social arrangements remains gene- 

 rally the same, since social order is not easily transferred from 

 one people to another, we find that some have more regard for 

 the material, and others for the psychical, development of the 

 respective peoples. Thus, among some peoples material, 

 among others mental, labour would predominate, and each 

 would partake of the productiveness of the rest. In tropical 

 countries the material products, in temperate climates psy- 

 chical productiveness, would predominate. 



A high degree of intellectual development, deep thought, 

 and a refined morality seem scarcely compatible with the men- 

 tal prostration which life in the torrid zone produces in the Eu- 

 ropean as well as in the native. Human art will hardly ever 

 overcome the power of these natural obstructions. Christianity, 

 exclusively directed to the moral elevation of man, finds there 

 for its spiritual doctrines a very infertile soil. An expe- 

 rienced author intimately acquainted with India, Montgomery 

 Martin, asserts, that no Indian has ever become a true Christian, 

 whilst all picturesque religions which much engage the imagi- 

 nation, and possess an eudsemonistic colouring like Mohammed- 

 anism, is more homogeneous to the nature of the inhabitants of 

 the tropics, and more intelligible and satisfactory to them than 

 is Christianity. For this reason, and taking into consideration 



