96 EX VI RIB US VIVIMUS. 



together with the semi-civihzed Mongolidse, and the 

 highly -civilized lapetidse, are, through the action 

 of their brain power, equalised as to potential 

 longevity by equality in respect of accessibility of 

 food and warmth, what the barbarous gain by the 

 diminished expenditure implied in warmth, abun- 

 dance, and absence of intellectual exertion, being 

 made up to the civilized by the higher evolution 

 both personal and social ; yet there are extremes 

 of misery and want, of cold and of heat, to which the 

 most degraded savages are subject, not being suffi- 

 ciently intelligent to cope with these difficulties, and 

 to which classes of men even in the most civilized 

 communities are born and bred, not allowed by the 

 more fortunate to receive either necessaries or educa- 

 tion, which no doubt entail upon these savages and 

 these classes a much diminished potential longevity. 



There is then perhaps reason to admit hereditary 

 diminution of longevity in such cases as compared 

 with the mass, though the hereditary character will 

 probably cease to affect the second or third genera- 

 tion after removal from the injurious conditions spe- 

 cified. The same character of temporary heredity 

 appears in families which for some few generations 

 are often remarkable for longevity ; or, on the other 

 hand, through disease,^ intemperance, or other feeble- 



1 Disease may be regarded as increasing expenditure— entailing ab- 

 normal and useless expenditure, often in excess, by causing exhaustion, 

 misdirected nutrition, &c. 



