Il8 EX VIRIBUS VIVIMUS. 



5. English statistics tend to prove that, taking the 

 expectation of life at sixty years of age as the crite- 

 rion, the relative longevity in different classes of the 

 community stands as follows : — Agricultural labourers 

 in rural districts, belonging to friendly societies, with 

 an expectation of i7'8 years of life; females of the 

 aristocracy (peerage), with i6'42 ; males and females 

 of the rural districts of Scotland, with i6'0i ; healthy 

 English lives (so considered by assurance societies), 

 with I5'37 ; males of the peerage, with I4'S6 ; bakers, 

 town and country, with I4"06 ; clerks, town and 

 country, with I2'42 ; males in Liverpool, with ii'96; 

 miners, with ii'SS ; sovereigns of all countries, with 

 I0'9 ; persons of intemperate habits, with 8'94 ; all 

 England (Farr), males, with I3'53 years expectation, 

 and females with I4'34 years at the age compared, 

 namely, sixty.' 



6. To these may be added the observations of 

 Dr. Guy, tending to prove that the more distin- 

 guished are less long-lived than the less distinguished 

 members of professions, contrary to a general opinion 

 prevalent as to the bar ; that married persons are 



' Too great reliance must not be placed on these statistics, as they 

 are from various authorities and very variable data. Some corrections 

 are due to circumstances, which are not slated to have been considered 

 by the authorities who gave them : thus tlie males in Liverpool may 

 appear to have a great mortality in old age, when their diminution in 

 numbers is really due to their leaving the city. Dr. Farr informed the 

 writer that no thoroughly reliable statistics of this kind could be ob- 

 tained until the registration of births has been efficiently carried out in 

 the localities examined for many years. 



