CHAPTER XIV. 



New York to Philadelphia. Scenery in New Jersey. War about Oregon, 

 Protectionist Theories. Income Tax and Repudiation. Recrimina 

 tions against British Aggrandizement. Irish Quarter and fraudulent 

 Votes. Washington. Congress and Annexation of Texas. General 

 Cass for War. Winthrop for Arbitration. Inflated Eloquence. Su 

 preme Court. Slavery in District of Columbia. Museum, Collection of 

 Corals. Sculpture from Palenque. Conversations with Mr. Fox. A 

 Residence at Washington not favorable to a just Estimate of the United 

 States. False Position of Foreign Diplomatists. 



Dec. 9, 1845. LEFT New York for Philadelphia by railway. 

 When crossing the ferry to New Jersey, saw Long Island and 

 Staten Island covered with snow. Between New York and New 

 ark, New Jersey, there is a deep cutting through a basaltic 01 

 greenstone rock, a continuation of the mass which forms the 

 columnar precipices, called the Palisades, on the Hudson river, 

 above New York. From the jagged face of the cliffs in this cut-, 

 ting, were hanging some of the largest icicles I ever beheld, re 

 minding me of huge stalactites pendent from the roofs of limestone 

 caverns in Europe. 



In New Jersey we passed over a gently undulating surface of 

 country, formed of red marl and sandstone, resembling in appear 

 ance, and of about the same geological age, as the new red sand 

 stone (trias) of England. The soil in the fields is of a similar 

 red color, and all signs of recent clearings, such as the stumps of 

 trees, have nearly disappeared. The copses, formed of a second 

 growth of wood, and the style of the fences round the fields, gave 

 an English aspect to the country. We went by Newark, Eliza- 

 bethtown, Princeton, Trenton, Bordentown, and Burlington. In 

 some of these places, as at Elizabethtown, houses and churches 

 have grown up round the railway ; and we passed through the 

 middle of Burlington, a great source of convenience to the natives, 

 and of amusement to the passengers, but implying a slow rate of 

 traveling. Hereafter, to enable express trains to go at full speed 

 from north to south, there must be branch lines outside the towns. 



