HIS ZOOLOGICAL RELATIONS. 45 



and even where it may have culminated in species, 

 observation has been so recent and so imperfect, that 

 if no argument can be drawn from this source in 

 favour of the doctrine of development, none, on the 

 other hand, can be honestly advanced against it. If 

 then there be a plan of diversity hy modification running 

 throughout the whole of nature — no matter what the 

 causes — ^man, so far as his animal structure is con- 

 cerned, can claim no exemption. He may stand 

 higher, but his place is one merely of degree ; and if 

 he possesses any gift not participated in by his fellow- 

 animals, it is to this specialisation, and not to his 

 mere structural adaptations, that we must look for 

 the difference that subsists between him and the rest 

 of vitality. However averse some may be to accept 

 this process of modification, as applicable to the 

 evolution of the human race, there can be no ques- 

 tion, at aU events, that whatever the process, the 

 same structural idea was in the Creative Mind in the 

 formation of man as in the formation of other mam- 

 mals, and more especially as in the production of 

 those that stand next beneath him in the scale of 

 zoological advancement. Nor be it forgotten that' 

 every progressive modification implies the addition of 

 something new — the introduction through secondary 

 processes, and in conformity with a great aboriginal 

 plan, of higher adaptations, and consequently of 



