263 Essay, Go. 
former times distinguished by the denomination 
of Lurung-tengu or the middle valley, a name 
which is sometimes applied to the whole pro- 
vince of Banyu-mas, and the adjoining districts 
in the centre of the Island: from the capital, 
the direction of the river is soon turned off to- 
wards the South, by the branches of the central 
ranges descending in this direction. 
On leaving the capital of Banyu-mas, I first 
pursued the common road leading to the east- 
ward, which in the lower parts of the valley 
runs nearly on a level with the Serayu; I met 
the curves of this river in various places: On 
this part, to Purwo-ro o, I observed on the 
projections from the central ranges which I 
‘crossed, extensive masses of a deposite from wa- 
ter, similar to that above described, Basaltic 
rocks, with angles rounded by attrition, rising 
from a deep reddish soil, and in the beds of the 
rivers of Piosso, Deris and Sapi, fragments of 
Basaltes and Lava; some of the latter were very 
cellular, and resembled those of the acclivity of 
the mountain abovementioned. At Purwo-re- 
jo I could take into one point of view the first 
range of central hills, rising to che North of the 
valley of the Serayu, at the distance of about 
$ miles: these are mostly long extended emi- 
nences, similar in their appearance to those 
stretching from Rangka to Kali-weddi, and in- 
dicating, at a distance, the same constitution: 
disposed among the extended ranges were o 
"served precipitous piles, rising in many cases al- 
most perpendicular, the nature of which is in- 
a great measure elucidated by the hill Lawet, to 
be mentioned in the sequel: the elevation of all 
these, in comparison with the Jarge mountain of 
