LICHENOGRAPHICAL NOTES. .19 
will be better to consider the number of distinct forms. These 
Leighton, number 1146 €— eigo de and forms), of which 811 were 
named before 1851. This m ncrease of new distinctions 413 per 
cent. Set either of these ivo comi utitions beside Dr. Lindsay’s, bear- 
ing in mind the purpose for which his was made, and the unfairness of his 
comparison becomes evident. 
if Dr. Lindsay has exaggerated the increase and the tendency of 
botanists of the present day to multiply di stinctions and names, eri 
account of the causes of such increase is at fault. The ca 
in his opinion are chicfly two: first, the Seada primary e ‘haa 1 
characters by secondary internal ones; and, secondly, the adoption of 
chemical tests as a means of distinction. In order to examine the truth 
of these i ada l append a summary of the number of plants in each 
of the larger divisions of Leighton’s work, mes how many received 
their name prior to, and how many since 185 
LT 
L- "3 
slala, 
es [Ps jae Pa |S aa | 48 
Collena. o oe 7-717409] aed 44 19| 432 
Myriangiacei 1 ise 1 
Epiconodei 20| 5| 8| 1; 25| 9/3609 
Cladodei 36| 29; 1| 3| 65: 4| 61 
Ramalodei : 26| 24 2 2| 50| 4| 80 
Phyllodei . uod TO 45. Hl 2|) wl a 
Plaeodei Viel genera) . . {109} 75| 20) 13/184) 33| 17°9 
Placodei (lower "— CI TETS] FE 124 | "—— 180| 72-0 
Hoc s. 1891-3181 6606F 11| 71| 1711009 
| 
540|271|241| 94 811) 335 
An examination of the summary here sien shows what could not be 
g and general criticism, that the in- 
tributed among the different tribes and families, as it should 
se some general principle in the mind of species-makers, prepondera rates 
remarkably in the lower genera of the Placodei and in the Pyrenodei, 
where the Lichen class unites with the Fungi; and in the Collemacei, 
where they approach the Algæ. 
ow, it cannot be denied that the whole —€ has been subjected to 
How 
does it come 
