NEW PUBLICATIONS. - 117 
account of the various botanists who iuvestigated its flora, from 
Luca Ghini, of Bologna, who died in 1556, to the present time, The 
third chapter gives a general review of the Flora. There are no less than 
2366 species of Phanerogams, and 56 of higher Cryptogams. Of these, 
34 are absolutely peculiar to Tuscany, and 34 do nof occur in other 
parts of Italy. Elaborate tables of comparison between the plan 
Tuscany and those of other parts and the whole of Italy, and with the 
ora of Europe, are given. 
In the fourth chapter the district is divided into five botanical regions, 
through which every species is traced. As the area of Tuscany is not 
much above 8500 square miles, or rather less than Mr. Watson's pro- 
vinces of the Humber and the Tyne together, a very fair estimate of 
distribution is given. The regions, however, are more equivalent to the 
‘zones’ of the author just mentioned, and occupy successively higher 
h 
elevations from the sea level to the summits of the Apennines in the 
only reached by Monte Pisanino and the Alpe di amporaghena. Th 
Olive does not rise out of the maremmana region, reaching to between 
500 and 600 metres; the Vine extends into the regu campestre as high 
montane zones to about 1100 metres; whilst the Beech does not reach 
lower down than the upper limit of the Chestnut, and extends through 
the montane region into the alpine, where it has been found at an eleva- 
tion of above 1700 metres. Lists of the species peculiar to each region 
are given, and of those most characteristic of its flora. Under the region 
of the maremma we have included the eight islands forming the Tuscan 
species of the flora of the archipelago do not occur o I ; 
of these only 1 is found in as many as five islands, 48 being restricted 
to oue only. Caprera has as many as 39 species, so far peculiar to it. 
he floral calendar for the neighbourhood of Florence, in which the 
author was assisted by Dr. Levier, and which had been already printed 
in the ‘Nuovo Giornale,’ is again published here, and must prove very 
useful to botanists living in the late capital of Italy. An account of the 
flora of the Serpentine tract of Gabbro, near Leghorn, and interesting 
notes on the changes which have occurred in the flora of Tuscany, iuclud- 
Ing introductions, extinct s l 
hich may be confidently recommended as a companion to any English 
botanist who visits the attractive district of which it treats. a 
wi u a EpL 
