TINKLER : THE AVI-FAUNA OF ARKENGARTHDALE, ETC. 319 
Upupa epops. Hoopoe. One was shot near Low Row in 
Swaledale about 1877. 
Cuculus canorus. Cuckoo. Local name, Gouk. A very 
abundant summer visitor, being found high on the moors as 
well as in the valleys. Arrives at the end of April. 
Strix flammea. Barn Owl. A scarce resident in Lower 
Swaledale. A specimen shot in Oxnop pasture is the only 
ote I have of its occurrence in Upper Swaledale. In 
Arkengarthdale it is unknown. 
Asio otus. Long-eared Owl. Resident and not uncommon in 
the larger fir-woods. Often taken in pole-traps on the moors. 
One shot at Hope, 24th December, 1888, and one found in the 
dale head trap, Arkengarthdale, 27th June, 1883. 
Asio Fat aga agi Short-eared Owl. Local name, Woodcock 
An autumnal visitor, usually arriving with the Woodcock, 
ea it obtains its local name. Occasionally breeds upon the 
moors. 
Syrnium aluco. Tawny Owl. Local name, Jennie Hewlet. 
Resident, but in no great numbers ; just managing to hold its 
ground under the severe persecution it undergoes. Breeds 
throughout Swaledale as far as Keld, and in the New Forest,: 
varying its choice of a site, between a hollow tree or a hole in 
arock. In Arkengarthdale it almost ceased to be a resident, 
and for some years I never heard one ; however, in the winter of 
1888, a pair took up their abode again in Scar Wood. Often 
taken in pole-traps on the moors. 
Circus cineraceus. Montagu’s Harrier. One shot in Rash 
Gill, near Muker, in Upper Swaledale, in the spring of 1870. 
Buteo vulgaris. Common Buzzard. Now a casual visitor, 
chiefly occurring in autumn and winter. It bred regularly on 
the Buzzard Scar in Swinnergill, until 1870, The last recorded 
instance of its nesting in Lower Swaledale was in 1853, when 
the unusual number of five young ones was found on the Red 
Scar, near Marske. The father of the present Mr. Wood, of 
Ellerton, remembered when a boy, both buzzard and raven nest- 
ing on the scars on the outskirts of Richmond, and fierce battles 
used to take place between the two species for possession of the 
nesting sites. I have no note of its breeding in Arkengarthdale 
or the New Forest, but doubtless it did so some forty or fifty 
years ago, and that not uncommonly. Has been obtained 
within recent years at Ellerton. One seen near Keld, in August 
- 1880, and again in 1881. One trapped on Scollit, in the winter 
ct, 1892, 
