SiMPSOX — A Revision of the Gorgonellidae. 311 



Profimda-groiip. 

 This group is characterized by the enormous size of the spicules. The 

 two chief types which occur are : — 



d) Double-clubs with almost hemispherical ends, and 



(2) Elongated double-clubs, which approach double-spindles and even 



spindles. 

 Four species may be recognized : — 



1. Sciiymriaprofunda Wright and Studer emend. 



2. Scirpearia Kicksoni n. sp. 



3. Seirpearia verrucosa n. sp. 



4. Scirpearia anomala n. sp. 



The following differential diagnosis of the spicules of these four species 



may be useful : — 



Scirpearia profunda (emend.). 



In this species the spindle-type predominates over the elongated double- 

 club. The spindles are massive, very warty, and irregular in outline (fig. 27). 

 Typical measurements are 0'122 x 0'057 ; 0'114 x 0'049 ; and a more slender 

 type 0-106 x 0-034; 0-09 x 0-034. The double-clubs have almost hemispheri- 

 cal ends, and have practically no constriction, 0-084 x 0-046 ; 008 x 0-053. 



Scirpearia Mcksoni n. sp. 

 The spicules of this species are very regular in outline ; they are covered 

 with slightly papillose warts ; and the elongated double-clubs have extremely 

 blunt ends (Fig. 31). 



(1) double-clubs :— 0-08 x 0'05 ; 0-075 x 0'05. 



(2) Elongated double-clubs :— 0-11 x 0-045; 0-085 x 0-035. 



Scirpearia verrucosa n. sp. 



In this species the spicules are very irregular in outline ; they are 

 covered with long papillose warts, which are widely separated. The ends of 

 the elongated double-clubs and double-spindles are markedly pointed, and 

 have the form of elongated cones (fig. 33). 



(1) Double-clubs :— 0-095 x 0-05; 007 x 04. 



(2) Elongated double-clubs:— 0-14 x 0-04; 0-11 x 0-02. 



Scirpearia anomala n. sp. 

 The spicules of this species are not densely covered with warts, and tlie 

 warts themselves are only slightly pajjillose. The ends of the elongated 

 double-clubs and double-spindles are markedly conical (fig. 35). 



(1) Double-clubs:— 0-061 x 0*042; 0-06x0-04. 



(2) Elongated double-clubs: 0-15 x 0-034; 0-095 x 0040. 



B.I.A. PKUC, VOL. XXVUI., SECT. U. [^ ^] 



