WivSTRopp — Enrhi Forts (inil Slone TIuIk in fnis/imorr, A fin. 195 



Tlie round, or oval, domed, roofed luit. Tlu; liest speciineii is Clogliauniia- 

 earriga,' between Kilniurvey and the Seven Cluirches. It has heen figured Ijy 

 Petrie.and fully deserilied ; similar cells at Skellig Rock, olf the coast of Kerry, 

 and in forts in Clare and Kerry, are very common; some may date from the 

 seventh or eighth century. All the late ones we have noticed are of small 

 stones, so the massive character and skilful masonry suggest age. They vary 

 from 12 feet to 18 feet across inside ; they are numerous at Baile na s^an. 

 Mr. Kinahan records several ; tho liest-known now is Cloghaunaphuca behind 

 (i.e. south) from the Eoman Catholic church at Oghil. 



A \'ariant of this is sqiuire below, and then corbelled at the corners, the 

 roof coming into a dome, and made of slabs projecting one beyond the other, 

 till the space can be closed by a single slali. Others consist of a group of 

 round, oval, or irregular cells ; one near Temple Benen, to the south of 

 Killeany and not far from the cliffs, is so massive and so iniusual in plan 

 that we are puzzled as to its probalile age.- 



The third type is rectangular like a modem cottage. An early example, 

 probably a monastic cell partly cut in the rock, is found close to the door of 

 Temple Benen oratory. Later stdl is the curious dry-stone house which we 

 also describe ; it lies to the north-west of the same church, and appears to have 

 had four cells. We give a plan so far as the debris allowed us to follow its 

 lines. They seem to be first recorded definitely in the account of Aran in 

 " Ogygia " by Eoderick OTlaherty in 1685. " They have eloghans, a kind of 

 l.iuildiug of stones, laid one upon another, which are brought to a roof without 

 any manner of mortar ... so ancient that no one knows how long any of 

 them were made," which favoirrs the antiquity of at least the bee-liive form. 



The middens near these huts yield shells, the pei'iwinkle predoininating, 

 but with mussels and scallops, boiniet-shells, &c. ; anil bones of cows, sheep, 

 and geese. Some have )aelded pins, one a token of 1672 ; a celt, supposed to 

 be for skinning seals, was found near Dun Conor on the Middle Island. Such 

 implements are not uncommon, and are kept as charms. One midden in the 

 last-named island is 36 feet by 27 feet and 3 feet higli. Pillars 'other than 

 those bearing Christian emblems, as at Manister Kieran, Templemacduach, 

 and Templebrecan) are few and small. Let us examine a few of the huts in 

 detail. 



C'LOGHAUNACARRIGA, Clochun na Carraige.^ (0. S. 110.)— It is an oval, bee- 

 hive-shaped hut, qiute perfect, 19 feet by 7 feet 6 inches wide and about 8 feet 



' Plate VII., fig. 2. I owe this view to Dr. George Fogerty, R.N. ' Sec in/ra, p. IDS. 



' Fiist noted by Petrie, " Ecelesiastieal Architecture of Irelaiui," |i. 1.30, with an excellent 

 illiistr.ition, often since reproduced. The photograph reproduced, Plate VII., 6g. 2, is by 

 Dr. George Fogerty, R.N. 



