I76 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



reach from the back part of the head, diverging to the central plate 

 on the back. The sharp points penetrate this. On the underside 

 another splint reaches from the lower jaw to the center of the 

 sternum, which it penetrates. Some corn is placed in the cavity, 

 and the orifice is sewed up. Around the splints along the neck a 

 cord is tightly wound. 'While all these can be shaken like a rattle, 

 they are usually struck against something resonant, as a bench. 



Mr Morgan notes one feature of a concert called o-ee-dose: 



It was given in the night, in a dark room, and no women were 

 allowed to be present. Those engaged in the concert were seated 

 on benches around the room, in a continuous row, each one holding 

 in his hand a rattle. . . These rattles were made to give each 

 one a different note, by means of different sized shells, and holes 

 bored in them to emit the sound. Among 20 of them, rattled to- 

 gether at such a concert, no two would give the same sound. 

 Morgan, 1 : 277 



The big turtle-shell rattle is used in the Great Feather dance, 

 and in the medicine dance of the False Faces. It is carried by the 

 chief False Face, and its use is laborious, requiring both hands. 

 This is called keh-nya-t en-go* '-ncih by the Onondagas, and ka-sta- 

 wen'-sa may be added for rattle. Smaller rattles were also used. 

 The gourd rattle is called a-e-tot'-hah ka-sta-wen'-sa, the first word 

 indicating the medicine dance at which it is used. Horn rattles may 

 be used at any dance; but at a condolence or mourning council all 

 the music is vocal. 



The drum was quite a different thing and was called ka-na-ju'-we 

 by the Onondagas, or covered kettle. Figure 132 is a small Seneca 

 drum, 3^ inches deep and a little more in diameter. This is unusu- 

 ally small. The single drum-head is drawn tightly over the upper 

 end of a wooden bowl. Figure 133 shows one of the drum sticks, 

 elaborately carved. Mr Morgan gives a figure of a larger and more 

 serviceable one, a foot deep and with a stick like our own. It is 

 merely a small hooped keg, furnished with a leather head. This 

 the Senecas call ga-no-jo'-o. At Onondaga the big Indian drum 

 is like a large keg, about the diameter of an old-fashioned churn, 

 and is used in the war and fish dances, the annual feast of the dead 

 in the spring etc., but never in the snake dance. Drums of the size 



