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Effect of Ice in Lake Upon the Shore Line. 



By Albert B. Reagan. 



. On coniiiig to northern Minnesota last year, I visited several islands 

 in Pelican Lake near Orr, in St. Louis County. The country in that region 

 is very stony, mostly boulders of glacial origin. Around the borders of 

 several of the islands, especially the low islands, there was a ridge of 

 cobble stones and boulders, sometimes almost assuming the form of a stone 

 fence. It struck my curiosity. It was spring, liowever, before I had solved 

 the mystery. At the breaking up of tlie ice in the lake, a strong soutliwest 

 wind drove the ice upon the islands on the wind-exposed sides to a height 

 of over twelve feet in one case, a literal glacier being shoved inland. The 

 ice being thus shoved forward and piled up on the land, shoved the loose 

 rock of the shallow lake next the island inland so that the "moraine" thus 

 formed was the stone wall I had noticed. It might also be added that 

 some of the scratchings on shore rocks of lakes in this northern region 

 may be due to the same local action. 



