143 



residue, oli being deposited between xlw grjiiiis of sand, tlie partiele.s of 

 f:ra\'el and the ;iel)bles eeiueided them to;j;etIier into the solid rock. 



Tile cliaracier of tlie beds of material underlying tlie cons(jlidatt'd por- 

 tions is sui-h that capillary action \Yas not only possible but highly prob- 

 able. The greater abundance and the greater thickness of the indurated 

 beds on the side of the gravel bar nearest the creek indicates that its 

 waters were largely responsilile for tlie pi'esence of the cementing ma- 

 terials. 



In explanation of the formation in places of material resembling sta- 

 lagmite, it is probable that surface waters flowing over or tlirough the more 

 or less consolidated rock redissolved a part of the cementing material, and 

 wheu such waters reached the surface of the soil or rock at a lower level 

 they were evaporated and the calcium carbonate was again deposited in 

 the form mentioned. 



